System and Method for Implementing a Suspended Personal Radiation Protection System

ABSTRACT

A personal radiation protection garment that substantially contours to an operator&#39;s body is suspended from a suspension means. The garment is operable to protect the operator from radiation. The suspension means is operable to apply constant force. The suspension means allows operator wearing protective radiation garment to move freely in the X, Y, and Z spatial planes simultaneously, such that the protective radiation garment is substantially weightless to operator. A radiation protection face shield and flap can also be suspended from suspension means, such that face shield and flap are substantially weightless to operator. The suspension means can be mounted to a ceiling.

CLAIMING PRIORITY ON A PROVISIONAL

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of provisionalapplication Ser. No. 60/751,371 filed Dec. 16, 2005.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates in general to medicine and, more particularly, toa suspended personal radiation protection garment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Radiation is used to perform many medical diagnostic and therapeutictests and procedures. Medical, veterinary, or research personnel may beinvolved in the performance of such procedures in great numbers and overmany years, and are being exposed to scattered radiation as they performtheir work. These long-term effects are poorly understood at the presenttime, but are considered serious enough to warrant mandatory protectionto operators in the form of garments or barriers containing materialsthat absorb a significant proportion of the radiation. In order toproperly treat patients, operators require a freedom of motion.Providing a personal radiation protection garment that properly protectsoperators, while allowing operators to move freely and comfortablypresents a significant challenge for medical operators in radiationenvironments.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, a method, a system, and anapparatus for implementing a suspended personal radiation protectiongarment are provided, which substantially eliminate or reduce thedisadvantages and problems associated with previous systems, methods,and apparatuses.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a method fora suspended personal radiation protection device includes providing agarment that substantially contours to an operator's body. The garmentis operable to protect the operator from radiation. The garment issuspended from a suspension component.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a methodfor a suspended personal radiation protection device includes providinga garment that substantially contours to an operator's body whilesuspended from suspension component. The suspension component isoperable for operator wearing protective radiation garment to movefreely in the X, Y, and Z spatial planes simultaneously, such that theprotective radiation garment is substantially weightless to theoperator. The suspension component is further operable to support thepartial weight of the operator, such that the operator can move aroundin substantially zero gravity or such that the operator bears only aportion of his total weight. The suspension component can be mounted toa ceiling. The suspended personal radiation protection device furtherincludes a face shield, such that the face shield is transparent tovisible light allowing operator unhindered vision, and the face shieldprotects operator from radiation. The suspended personal radiationprotection device further includes a flap, such that the flap isoperable to protect the operator from radiation between the garment andface shield.

Important technical advantages of certain embodiments of the presentinvention include supporting the weight of radiation protection garment,face shield, and flap worn by operators. This allows radiationprotection garments to be heavier. As a result, radiation protectiongarments can protect larger areas of operator's body. Radiationprotection garments can be thicker to increase X-ray attenuation. Moreradiation protection reduces operator's risk of cancers, cataracts, andskin damage.

Other important technical advantages of certain embodiments of thepresent invention include reducing the risk and incidence ofmusculoskeletal injuries from wearing heavy radiation protectiongarments. Operators using the present invention have normal freedom ofmotion as if operator is not wearing heavy material. Furthermore, thepresent invention allows operator to move about in substantially zerogravity, such that suspension device supports majority of operator'sweight, such that operators can work long periods without fatigue.

Other technical advantages of the present invention will be readilyapparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures,descriptions, and claims. Moreover, while specific advantages have beenenumerated above, various embodiments may include all, some, or none ofthe enumerated advantages.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To provide a more complete understanding of the present invention andfeatures and advantages thereof, reference is made to the followingdescription, taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures, whereinlike reference numerals represent like parts, in which:

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a suspendedpersonal radiation protection system in accordance with a particularembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2A is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a side view of ahanger suspending a personal radiation protective garment, shield, andflap in accordance with a particular embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 2B is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a rear view of ahanger suspending a personal radiation protective garment, shield, andflap in accordance with a particular embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 2C is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a front view of ahanger suspending a personal radiation protective garment, shield, andflap in accordance with a particular embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a harnessintegrated with a personal radiation protective garment in accordancewith a particular embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 4A and 4B are simplified block diagrams that illustrate a hangerattached to a shoulder plate via a plate sleeve in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a hanger with asideways bending modification in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a trolley andbalancer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a monorail inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a simplified flowchart that illustrates an example method ofthe suspended personal radiation protection system in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a face shield andflap in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

For purposes of teaching and discussion, it is useful to provide someoverview as to the way in which the following invention operates. Thefollowing foundational information may be viewed as a basis from whichthe present invention may be properly explained. Such information isoffered earnestly for purposes of explanation only and, accordingly,should not be construed in any way to limit the broad scope of thepresent invention and its potential applications.

Radiation is used to perform many medical diagnostic and therapeutictests and procedures. The human patient or animal is subjected toradiation using doses as low as possible to enable completion of themedical task, and their exposures are monitored to prevent or reducerisks of significant damage as a result of their exposures. Medical,veterinary, or research personnel may be involved in the performance ofsuch procedures in great numbers and over many years, and are beingexposed to scattered radiation as they perform their work. Althoughtheir daily exposure is generally less than that for the patient, thereare adverse effects of the cumulative, long term exposures to theoperators. These long-term effects are poorly understood at the presenttime, but are considered serious enough to warrant mandatory protectionto workers in the form of garments, other garments, or barrierscontaining materials, generally metallic, that absorb a significantproportion of the radiation. There are a wide variety of such barrierscommercially available, and all of them have significant limitations forthe operators who must come in close contact with the subject. Theseoperators may be physicians and their assistants, or technically skilledmedical personnel, who perform simple or complex medical proceduresusing their bodies and hands in proximity of the patient, in suchpositions that scatter radiation from the subject or physical elementsin the direct radiation beam will pose significant health risks andunacceptably high exposure readings for the operator if he/she wereunprotected.

Risks of radiation exposure at the levels of medical personnel includecancers, cataracts, and skin damage. A review of current protectivesystems outlines their limitations. Radiation-absorbing walls are usefulto contain the radiation to a room, but do not prevent exposures withintheir confines. Barriers within the room, such as floor or ceilingsupported shields, are effective at blocking radiation for personnel whoare not in close contact with the radiation field, such as some nursesand technologists, but must be positioned or repositioned frequentlywhen personnel move around the room, and provide cumbersome interferencefor operators performing the actual medical procedure. They may also bedifficult to keep sterile when attempting to use them within the sterilefield. The most commonly used protection for operators involves the useof garments containing radiation-absorbing materials, generally lead orother metals, which are worn in the fashion of an garment, or skirt andvest, and do not contaminate the sterile field because they are wornunderneath the sterile covering gown. These garments are heavy anduncomfortable, and their long-term usage is known to be associated withdiseases of the spine in the neck and back, knee disorders, and othermusculoskeletal problems, which can result in disability, medicalexpenses, and decreased quality of life for the operator. The trade-offbetween protection and garment weight results in the frequent use ofgarments that do not cover the legs optimally, and may provide suboptimal radiation protection due to the thickness of the metallicmaterial being limited by the tolerability of the operator. To protectother radiation sensitive tissues such as the corneas of the eye and thethyroid, special heavy glasses containing metallic compounds and acollar around the neck are often worn. Even when the operator isencumbered with these items, the base of the skull, which may containsensitive bone marrow, and the face are unprotected. Personal face andneck shields address this problem, and are commercially available, butare rarely worn due to their cumbersome nature and heavy weight.

Such problems have been present for many years and there are patentsattempting to address them. Modifications to floor-supported mobileshields appear to attempt to provide improved dexterity for the operatorrelative to the standard bulky mobile barrier, and a floor supportsystem with a modified garment design also attempts the same. However,they still appear to be obstacles to free movement of the operator. Asystem of barriers around the patient is proposed, but appearsexpensive, complex, and possibly limiting of operator-patient/subjectcontact, and frustrating to sterile field operation.

Ceiling mounted barriers around the patient also appear to limit contactbetween patient and operator, and may make control of sterile fielddifficult. One configuration includes a ceiling mounted device, whichsupports the weight of a lead garment, involving a dolly movable in onelinear axis, with or without an extension arm that rotates around acentral point on the dolly. Such mechanical configurations are in placefor other types of suspended barriers, and their motion mechanics maynot be well suited for use with something attached to the operator'sbody, since the operator must frequently move rapidly and freely in allthree spatial axes, and will walk in unpredictable and rapid patternsover an operating area of several feet by several feet. Oneconfiguration includes the garment being suspended by a simple expansionspring, which will provide uneven forces depending on its degree ofexpansion occurring with operator motion, due to the nature of itssimple spring mechanics. It may also result in harmonic motions thataffect operator dexterity. In addition, failure of the spring due tocycle stresses could lead to the operator injury in the design asdepicted in the patent. Also, location of the spring in a verticaldirection above the operator could result in limitations due to ceilingheight. Integration of the system with the heavy image intensifiermonitor screen as suggested could further encumber the operator fromnormal motion.

A discussion of the types of motion performed by operators during theirwork is relevant. Operators are generally standing next to an operatingtable where the patient is positioned. They often reach over the patientto various parts of the body, and they may lean forward while reaching.This puts great stress on the spine when heavy garments are worn. Theymay bend or stoop to small degrees, but rarely excessively because theworkspace containing the patient and all the tools are located at aheight requiring minimal vertical motion. In addition, most proceduresinvolve a sterile field where the operator's hands, arms, and torso fromneck to waist must remain confined, so excessive vertical motion is notallowed. The operator may move considerably in the X and Y plane, whichis horizontal and parallel to the floor, by walking or turning theirbody. The operator requires freedom of motion in these directions.

Overhead cranes have been available for many years and are commonlyemployed in the materials handling industry. The following is adescription of a bridge crane. A bridge crane includes at least onebridge, a trolley moving on the bridge, end trucks arranged at the endsof the main bridge to support the main bridge, wheels arranged to theend carriages intended to move along substantially parallel railssubstantially parallel to the end trucks and on the other handsubstantially transverse in relation to the main bridge and thus tosupport the entire crane on the rails, while slides have been arrangedbetween one end truck and the corresponding end of the main bridgeallowing a longitudinal movement of the end truck in relation to themain bridge and a rotation of the end truck and main bridge in relationto each other.

Smaller cranes such as might be used to support a load up to 250 pounds,are often operated by workers without the aid of motorized assistance,since the crane's movable parts are light enough to be manipulated byhand. Different systems are employed to suspend the load from thecranes, including hoists, balancers, and intelligent assist devices.

Tool balancers are also currently available and help to suspend tools inthe workspace in a manner that provides ergonomic benefit for workersusing them. The tool balancer is generally attached overhead theworkspace, and reels out cable from which the tool is suspended.Adjustments may be made to provide a “zero gravity” balancing of thetool at the desired height, such that the worker may move the tool up ordown within a working range without having to bear a significant portionof the tool's weight. Different adjustment may cause the tool balancerto exert a stronger upward force such that the operator must apply adownward force on the tool to pull it down to the workspace, and thebalancer will cause the tool to rise when the operator releases it. Toolbalancers may be of the spring or pneumatic variety, referring to themechanism, which provides the force for its operation. A spring toolbalancer, such as in the preferred embodiment of this invention,generally contains a coiled flat spring, similar to a clock spring,which is attached to a reel with a conical shape and serves as theplatform for the winding of the cable. The conical shape provides avariable mechanical advantage, which offsets the variance of the forceprovided by the spring as it winds or unwinds. The result is arelatively constant force on the cable within a definable working range.

Safety concerns mainly involve falling objects, strength of thesuspension device, strength of the cable, and operator falls.

The balancer is attached to the trolley by its own hook and a safetychain. The suspension device is commercially available at specifiedmaximum loads, which include a wide safety margin. The mounting of thesuspension device will be done according to architectural standards.

Detachment of the garment from the suspension system will requirecertain care. A cable stop will prevent the hanger from going higherthan the set level. The worker could stand on a step stool and removethe garment without concern for sudden upward, uncontrolled motion ofthe balancer cable and hanger. In another method of detachment, thehanger could be gripped firmly as another person detaches the garmentsuspension cables from the hanger, and the hanger could then be slowlyraised until the cable stop engages the spring balancer. Alternatively,a weight, which is approximately equivalent to the weight of thegarment, could be attached to the hanger prior to disengaging thegarment. This will drop the garment and require it to be supported bythe worker, who may then disengage it from the hanger. The weight willprevent any upward motion of the hanger in an uncontrolled manner. Thenext time the garment is attached, the weight could be removed aftersecure attachment of the garment is confirmed.

For most operation, the garment need not be detached from the cable. Itcould be left suspended and moved out of the way of other activities.Another alternative method would involve setting the force on thebalancer to be slightly greater than the weight of the garment. Onceremoved from the body, the garment would then slowly and safely rise upuntil stopped by the cable stop. Upon next use, it could easily bepulled back down into position.

Annual inspections of the system may be performed for cable frays, hooklock malfunctions, and rail component flaws.

In the event of an operator fall, it is unlikely that the system willcontribute to operator harm since the balancer cable is long enough toallow the operator to reach the floor. Any harm to the operator shouldbe the same as if not attached to the cable, except perhaps for somebeneficial effect of the upward force of the suspension system.

In the event that rapid detachment of the operator from the system isnecessary due to emergency, this can be achieved by simple removal ofthe garment from the body without detachment from the system. Thegarment can be left hanging, and the suspended garment can be moved tothe end of the runway, clear of the moving patient or stretcher.

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a suspended personal radiationprotection system 10. System 10 includes an operator 12, a patient 14, aradiation source 16, radiation 18, a suspension device 60, a hanger 75,a personal radiation protection garment 20, a face shield 22, and a flap24. Suspension device 60 includes rails 62, a bridge 64, end trucks 66,a trolley 68, a balancer 70, a cable 72, and a cable stop 74. Otherarchitectures and components of system 10 may be used without departingfrom the scope of this disclosure.

In general, garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 suspend from hanger 75,which suspends from suspension device 60. Operator 12 positions himselfinto suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24, such that operator 12is not supporting the weight of garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.While using radiation 18 to treat patient 14, operator can move freelyin the X, Y, and Z spatial planes, such that garment 20, shield 22, andflap 24 are substantially weightless.

In accordance with the teachings of the present invention, suspendedpersonal radiation protection system 10 achieves an effective way foroperators 12 to protect themselves properly and comfortably from harmfulradiation. garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 are operable to protectoperator from harmful radiation. Suspension device 60 and hanger 75 areoperable to suspend garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24, such thatoperator 12 is not hindered or burdened by the weight from garment 20,shield 22, and flap 24. Operator 12 is able to freely move around in allthree axes while garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 are substantiallycontoured to operator's body.

System 10 offers advantages to operators 12 who work with radiation.This is due, at least in part, to the suspended personal radiationgarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24, which protects operator 12 fromharmful radiation 18 during fluoroscopically guided operations. Forexample, operator 12 has complete freedom of motion in the X, Y, and Zplanes while the personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22,and flap 24 are substantially contoured to operator's body. Thesuspended personal radiation protection system 10 allows operator tohave complete freedom of motion commonly used during medical andresearch procedures. Furthermore, operator can remain sterile whileusing the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22,and flap 24. Details relating to these operations are explained below inFIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

Operator 12 may include any individual desiring to wear a personalradiation protection garment 20 in a medical environment, veterinaryenvironment, or research environment. Operator may include an individualwho perform simple or complex medical procedures involving radiation 18,such that operator's body and hands are in proximity of patient 14, suchthat scatter radiation 18 from patient 14 or physical elements in thedirect radiation beam will pose significant health risks. Health risksto operator 12 may include cancers, cataracts, and skin damage. Forexample, operator 12 may include physicians, assistants, or technicallyskilled medical personnel during fluoroscopically guided operations. Thepersonal suspended radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24 allow operator 12 to move freely during fluoroscopically guidedoperations while providing protection from harmful scatter radiation 18.

Patients 14 may include a human or animal involved in a simple orcomplex medical procedure involving radiation 18. Patient 14 issubjected to radiation 18 doses as low as possible to complete themedical task, and the patient's exposures are monitored to reduce risksof significant damage from the radiation. In another embodiment, patient14 may include an inanimate object involved in a simple or complexprocedure involving radiation 18.

Radiation source 16 may include any device emitting radiation 18. Forexample, in medical procedures, radiation sources may include x-raymachines, nuclear medicine, and devices used for radiation therapy.Radiation source 16 can be any device emitting radiation 18.

Radiation 18 may include ionized radiation or non-ionized radiation.Radiation 18 may be man-made radiation or radiation from another source.Some of the major isotopes may include I-131, Tc-99m, Co-60, Ir-192, andCs-137. In medical procedures, radiation 18 may be emitted from x-raymachines, nuclear medicine, and radiation therapy devices. For example,some parts of the original x-ray beam intercepted by patient, or byanother individual or object, may become scattered and change direction,such that operator 12 will absorb some harmful scattered radiation beams18.

Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as lead or other metals. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 can be thicker and heavier thantraditional radiation protection garments, because operator does notsupport the weight of the suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20. Additionally, suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20 can cover more of operator's body, such as operator's armsand legs. Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 suspendsfrom hanger 75, which suspends from suspension device. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 can substantially contour tooperator's body while garment suspends from hanger, such that hangersupports the weight of garment. Suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20 allows operator to move freely in the X, Y, and Z planessimultaneously, such that operator 12 can move normally as if operator12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protection garment 20. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 allows operator 12 to wearsterile gloves and gown in the usual manner. Details relating to thesuspension device 60 are explained below in FIG. 1. Details relating tothe garment 20 are explained below in FIG. 2.

Materials and/or components may be included in suspended personalradiation protection garment 20 in order to achieve the teachings of theprotective, free moving, and weightlessness features of the presentinvention. However, due to its flexibility, suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20 may alternatively be equipped with (or include)any suitable component or material, or any other suitable element orobject that is operable to facilitate the operations thereof.Considerable flexibility is provided by the structure of suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 in the context of suspendedpersonal radiation protection system 10 and, accordingly, it should beconstrued as such.

Suspended personal radiation protection face shield 22 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such that face shield attenuates X-rays,but is transparent to visible light allowing operator unhindered vision.Suspended personal radiation protection face shield 22 can be heavierand curve or bend around to cover more of operator's face thantraditional radiation protection face shields, because operator 12 doesnot support the weight of the suspended personal radiation protectionface shield 22. The suspended personal radiation protection face shield22 protects operator 12 from radiation approaching from the sides ofoperator's face. The operator can wear normal corrective optical lensesbehind face shield 22. Suspended personal radiation protection faceshield 22 suspends from hanger 75, such that hanger 75 supports theweight of face shield 22. Suspended personal radiation protection faceshield 22 allows operator to move freely in the X, Y, and Z planessimultaneously, such that operator 12 can move normally as if operator12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protection face shield 22. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection face shield 22 may be attached to hanger75 with a plurality of ropes or wires or rigid rod systems. Detailsrelating to the suspension device 60 are explained below in FIG. 1.Details relating to the face shield 22 are explained below in FIG. 2.

Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as acrylic lead or other metals.Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 can be a softer fabricmaterial, such that flap 24 covers the neck area not protected fromgarment 20 and shield 22. Suspended personal radiation protection flap24 can be thicker and heavier than traditional radiation protectionflaps 24, because operator 12 does not support the weight of thesuspended personal radiation protection flap 24. Additionally, suspendedpersonal radiation protection flap 24 can protect more of operator'sneck and thyroid area. Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24suspends from shield 22, which suspends from hanger 75. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection flap 24 allows operator 12 to move freelyin the X, Y, and Z planes simultaneously, such that operator 12 can movenormally as if operator 12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protectionflap 24. Details relating to the suspension device 60 are explainedbelow in FIG. 1. Details relating to the flap 24 are explained below inFIG. 2.

In another embodiment, suspended personal radiation protection shield 22and flap 24 can be integrated, such that one piece is formed. In anotherembodiment, suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24 can be integrated, such that one piece is formed. Inanother embodiment, suspended personal radiation protection garment 20,shield 22, and flap 24 can be integrated with hanger 75, such that onepiece is formed.

Rails 62 can be permanently affixed to ceiling support structures overthe area of operator's workplace. Rails 62 may run parallel with oneanother, such that rails 62 represent the length of the X-axis thatoperator 12 can move freely within while wearing the suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. The interior ofrails 12 can include a runway, such that rollers attached to end trucks66 can slide along the rail runways. Details relating to rollers andrunways are below in FIG. 6.

Bridge 64 can be positioned perpendicular between rails 62 over the areaof operator's workplace. Bridge 64 represents the length of the Y-axisthat operator 12 can move freely within while wearing the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Bridge64 is affixed to rails 12 and movable along rails 12 by an end truck 66on each rail 12. Bridge 64 can include a runway, such that rollerattached to trolley 68 can slide along bridge runway.

End trucks 66 allow bridge 64 to move along rails 62. End trucks 66 canbe attached to bridge 64, such that only a small motion is permittedalong bridge 64. This small motion allows slight imperfections insuspension device 60, such that bridge 64 movement along rail runways issmoother. End trucks 66 can include rollers to slide within railrunways, such that bridge 64 moves along rail runways via end truckrollers. The bridge 64 is freely movable along the X-axis of rails 62.The length of the X-axis spatial movement of bridge 64 can be limited tothe ends of rail runways, such that end stops prevent further movement.

Trolley 68 can include roller, such that trolley roller is positioned inbridge runway. The trolley is 68 freely movable along the Y-axis ofbridge 64. The length of the Y-axis spatial movement of trolley 68 canbe limited to the ends of bridge runway, such that end trucks preventfurther movement. Trolley 68 can attach to balancer 70, which suspendspersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24, suchthat operator 12 can move freely in the X and Y spatial planes definedabove by the length of the rails 62 and the length of the bridge 64. Theplane defined by the X and Y spatial axes is designed to correspond tooperator's desired work area on the floor. Operator 12 wearing suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 hasvery smooth and facile motion within this plane. In another embodimentof this invention, a telescoping component on bridge 64 can allowextension of trolley 68 farther than the length of the bridge 64, suchthat the Y spatial axis is greater for operator 12 to freely move withinthe X, Y plane.

In another embodiment, suspension device 60 can include linear motiondevices or any other suitable means for allowing bridge 64 and trolley68 to move freely. For example, linear motion devices are operable forroller bearings to roll inside guides, such that facile motion isallowed. Trolley 68 can include roller bearings operable to roll insidea guide included in bridge 64, such that facile motion in Y-axis isallowed. End trucks 66 can include roller bearings operable to rollinside a guide included in rails 62, such that facile motion in X-axisis allowed. Suspension device 60 is operable by any suitable means toallow free motion in the x and y axes for operator 12 wearing suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

Balancer 70 may be a spring balancer 70 attached to trolley 68 by ahook, and a safety chain or cable for the event of hook failure. Springbalancer 70 applies constant and controllable uplifting force on garment20, shield 22, and flap 24. Spring balancer 70 can include a coiled flatspring, similar to a clock spring, attached to a reel with a conicalshape. The conical shape provides a variable mechanical advantage, whichoffsets the variance of the force provided by the spring as it winds orunwinds, such that there is a relatively constant force on cable withina definable working range. Spring balancer 70 allows operator 12 wearingsuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24 freedom of motion in the vertical Z-axis spatial plane. Operator 12wearing the heavy and bulky garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 canfreely perform vertical motion activities, such as stooping, leaning,squatting, standing on an elevated surface. The tension can be designedto provide optimum relief of garment's weight for operator, and thisforce can be constant in all positions by operator 12. Spring balancer70 applies a constant force to oppose the weight regardless of how muchcable 72 is extended.

In another embodiment, balancer 70 can be counterweights 70 attached totrolley 68 by a hook, and a safety chain or cable for the event of hookfailure. Counterweights 70 apply constant and controllable upliftingforce on garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Counterweights 70 allowoperator wearing suspended personal radiation protection garment 20,shield 22, and flap 24 freedom of motion in the vertical Z-axis spatialplane. Operator 12 wearing the heavy and bulky garment 20, shield 22,and flap 24 can freely perform vertical motion activities, such asstooping, leaning, squatting, standing on an elevated surface. Thetension can be designed to provide optimum relief of garment's weightfor operator 12, and this force can be constant in all positions byoperator 12. Counterweights 70 apply a constant force to oppose theweight regardless of how much cable 72 is extended.

In another embodiment, balancer 70 can be a constant force spring 70attached to trolley 68 by a hook, and a safety chain or cable for theevent of hook failure. Constant force spring 70 applies constant andcontrollable uplifting force on garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.Constant force spring 70 allows operator 12 wearing suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 freedom ofmotion in the vertical Z-axis spatial plane. Operator 12 wearing theheavy and bulky garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 can freely performvertical motion activities, such as stooping, leaning, squatting,standing on an elevated surface. The tension can be designed to provideoptimum relief of garment's weight for operator 12, and this force canbe constant in all positions by operator. Constant force spring 70applies a constant force to oppose the weight regardless of how muchcable 72 is extended.

In other embodiments, balancer 70 can include a pneumatic balancer 70,an air balancer 70, a spring motor arrangement 70, an intelligent assistdevice 70, or any other system, which provides a counterbalancingfunction or suspension system for the suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

In another embodiment of this invention, servomechanisms can be used toprovide near effortless control and rapid response of the suspensiondevice to bodily motions. The servo mechanics may be incorporated intoall axes, or simply into the vertical motion axis alone. The servoapparatus will have motion sensors that detect operator movement, andcan stimulate power assisted motion and cessation of motion, minimizingthe effort of the operator to move the system, and also minimizing anytendency of the system to move operator 12 after the operator stopsmoving. The power motion is achieved by means of motors in conjunctionwith belts, chains, or cables along the desired axes along rails 62.

In another embodiment, balancer 70 is mounted horizontally along bridge64 rather than hanging vertically. The balancer 70 mounted horizontallyprovides more headroom for operator 12 in a low ceiling or lowsuspension environment. A pulley can be included over operator's headthat can enable suspension device to create a constant force, such thatoperator does not feel the weight of the suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

In another embodiment, the suspension force of balancer 70 can beadjusted to be greater than the weight of protective garment 20, shield22, and flap 24, such that balancer can support a portion or all ofoperator's body weight. This provides added relief of the burden on theoperator's spine, hips, knees, and other support structures during longprocedures. A specialized harness system is incorporated into garment 20utilizing straps and pads around the chest, torso, or thighs. Thisharness is integrated into the garment 20 in such a way that the supportsystem will result in reduction in weight of the not only the garment 20upon the operator 12, but the harness also can support a portion or allof the operator's weight. The suspended garment 20 becomes part of thesuspension system and reduces the weight of operator 12 to some degree.The harness system can include a rigid seat-like apparatus. Detailsrelating to the harness are explained below in FIG. 3.

Cable 72 is suspended from balancer 70 and attaches to hanger 75. Inother embodiments, cable 72 may also include a rope or a belt. Cable 72is several feet long and allows operator 12 to move extensively in thevertical Z-axis. Cable 72 also allows operator 12 to freely moveslightly outside the perimeter of the plane formed by the X and Y axes.Cable 72 can include a swivel mount that permits free rotation of thecable suspension mechanism allowing operator 12 to twist as needed. Thismay include a swivel hook or snap that connects the cable 72 to hanger75. Cable 72 is operable to safely hold the amount of weight and forcecaused by the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24.

Cable stop 74 is a device attached to cable 72 operable to preventhanger from going higher than the set level. Cable stop 74 will engagethe balancer 70, such that cable stop 74 and hanger 75 are preventedfrom moving too high. For example, operator 12 can remove suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 as another individual firmlygrips hanger 75, and hanger 75 could be slowly raised until the cablestop 74 engages balancer 70.

Hanger 75 is operable to suspend personal radiation protection garment20, shield 22, and flap 24. Hanger 75 is attached to cable 72. Hanger 75is positioned above operator's head to avoid collision with operator'shead during manipulations. Personal radiation protection garment 20,shield 22, and flap 24 can be removed from hanger 75, attached to hanger75, and remain suspended from hanger 75 indefinitely. For example,garment 20 can rest on the hanger 75 similar to a clothes hanger, suchthat garment 20 is not resting on operator's body. Shield 22 and flap 24can be suspended from hanger 75 by ropes, wires, cables or any othersuitable means. Hanger 75 can take on several embodiments.

FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are simplified block diagrams of personal radiationprotection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 26 suspending from hanger 75.Suspended personal radiation protection device includes garment 20,shield 22, flap 24, and hanger 75. Garment 20 includes fastening means26, belt 28, Velcro for adjustable layer 30, and sleeve 32. Hangerincludes widget 76, cross bar 78, drop rod 80, nut 82, shoulder plate84, plate sleeve 86, and shield support cables 88.

Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as lead or other metals. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 can be thicker and heavier thantraditional radiation protection garments, because operator 12 does notsupport the weight of the suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20. Additionally, suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20 can cover more of operator's body, such as operator's armsand legs. Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 suspendsfrom hanger 75, which suspends from suspension device 60. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 can substantially contour tooperator's body while garment 20 suspends from hanger 75, such thathanger 75 supports the weight of garment 20. Suspended personalradiation protection garment allows operator 12 to move freely in the X,Y, and Z planes simultaneously, such that operator 12 can move normallyas if operator 12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protection garment20. Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 allows operator12 to wear sterile gloves and gown in the usual manner.

Fastening means 26 of garment can be positioned in front, side, or rearof garment 20. Garment 20 can be opened and closed by Velcro, buckles,or any suitable fastening means 26 for attaching two pieces of a heavymaterial together. For example, if suspended garment 20 has fasteningmeans 26 on the rear of garment 20, then operator 12 can walk up tosuspended garment 20 and garment 20 will be suspended over operator 12for usage. An assistant can fasten the Velcro or buckles, such thatoperator 12 can quickly and effortlessly receive protection of thesuspended personal radiation protection garment 20 that is substantiallycontoured to operator's body. Operator 12 can wear a sterile gown andsterile gloves in the normal manner.

Belt 28 on garment 20 includes Velcro, buckle, or fastening means, suchthat belt helps garment stay closed. Belt 28 can be fastened on thefront, side, or rear of garment 20. Belt 28 also helps suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 substantially contour tooperator's body, such that operator's body is properly protected.

Velcro, buckle, or fastening means for adjustable garment layer 30allows operator to adjust the length of suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20. For example, a short person can fold up theexcess garment material and fasten the garment 30, such that the bottompart of the garment is double-layered. Similarly, a tall person canunfasten the double layered area of the garment 20 to receive moreradiation protection on legs, such that the suspended personal radiationgarment 20 hangs to the operator's feet.

Sleeve 32 can be on left or right arm, and sleeve 32 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as lead or other metals. Sleeve 32allows more protection coverage of operator's body, because operatordoes not support the weight of the suspended sleeve 32.

Hanger 75 is operable to suspend the personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Hanger 75 is attached to cable 72.Hanger 75 is positioned above operator's head to avoid collision withoperator's head during manipulations. Personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 can be detached to hanger 75,attached to hanger 75, and remain attached to hanger 75 indefinitely.For example, garment 20 can rest on the hanger similar to a clotheshanger, such that garment 20 is not resting on operator's body. Shield22 and flap 24 can be suspended from hanger 75 by ropes, wires, cablesor any other suitable means.

Widget 76 connects hanger to cable. Widget 76 can be a hook, a pulley,or any suitable means to attach hanger 75 to cable 72. Widget 76 is madeof material that can support a minimum weight of the suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Pulley widget76 allows operator 12 to bend sideways, such that pulley widget 76 movesalong hanger 75 to properly distribute weight. Details relating topulley widget 76 are explained below in FIG. 5.

Cross bar 78 attaches to cable 72 via widget 76. Cross bar 78 is made ofmaterial that can support at least a minimum weight of the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Crossbar 78 is positioned above operator's head to avoid collision withoperator's head during manipulations. Cross bar 78 can include grooveswhere widget 76 attaches, such that weight is properly distributed whenoperator 12 leans forward or backward.

Drop rod 80 attaches to cross bar 78 and is held in place with a nut 82.Drop rod 80 is made of material that can support at least a minimumweight of the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24. Drop rod 80 can attach to shoulder plate 84 in variousembodiments. In one embodiment, drop rod 80 can be angled inward, suchthat drop rod 80 is inserted into shoulder plate sleeve 84 closer tooperator's neck. This particular embodiment is effective at distributingweight and supporting the suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

Shoulder plate 84 is suspended by hanger 75. Shoulder plate 84 is madeof material that can support at least a minimum weight of the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.Shoulder plate 84 can be one piece that extends over both shoulders orshoulder plate 84 can be two pieces, such that each shoulder plate 84 ispositioned over operator's shoulders. Suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20 can be placed on shoulder plate 84, such thatshoulder plate 84 supports the weight of garment 20. Shoulder plates 84can be positioned slightly above operator's shoulders, such thatshoulder plates 84 act as a substitute for operator's shoulders whilethe garment 20 is still substantially contoured to operator's body.

Plate sleeve 86 can be welded or affixed to shoulder plate 84. Platesleeve 86 is operable for hanger to be inserted, such that plate sleeve86 securely attaches shoulder plate 84 to hanger 75. Plate sleeve 86 ismade of material that can support at least a minimum weight of thesuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24. Plate sleeve 86 is operable for rotational motion of shoulder plate84 relative to hanger 75. This allows operator 12 to freely move in theforward bending or rearward bending bodily motions. Bending forward willtilt shoulder plates 84 along with the tilt of the operator's shoulders,and the swivel motion of the sleeve on hanger 75 will allow hanger 75 tomaintain a desirable vertical orientation rather than being forced intoa tilted angulation, which would apply additional undesirable forces onhanger 75 and suspension device 60, as well as place additional downwardforce on cable 72.

In one embodiment, hanger 75 includes widget 76, cross bar 78, drop rod80, and nut 82. Widget 76 can be a hook attached to cable 72, such thatcable hook attaches to cross bar 78. Drop rod 80 can be positionedinside plate sleeve 86, such that plate sleeve 86 is welded on shoulderplate 84. Garment 20 can be placed over shoulder plates, such thatgarment 20 is suspended by hanger 75. Details relating to this hanger 75embodiment are explained below in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B.

In another embodiment, hanger 75 includes widget 76 and drop rod 80.Widget 76 can be a pulley attached to cable 72, such that pulley 76attaches to hanger 75. Hanger 75 can be positioned inside plate sleeve86, such that plate sleeve 86 is welded on shoulder plate 84. Garment 20can be placed over shoulder plates 84, such that garment 20 is suspendedby hanger 75. Details relating to this hanger 75 embodiment areexplained below in FIG. 5.

In another embodiment, hanger 75 can be a unified, rigid piece, suchthat shoulder plate 84, plate sleeves 86, hanger 75, garment 20, shield22, and flap 24 are integrated.

Suspended personal radiation protection face shield 22 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such that face shield 22 attenuatesX-rays, but is transparent to visible light allowing operator unhinderedvision. Suspended personal radiation protection face shield 22 can beheavier and curve or bend around to cover more of operator's face thantraditional radiation protection face shields 22, because operator 12does not support the weight of the suspended personal radiationprotection face shield 22. The suspended personal radiation protectionface shield 22 protects operator 12 from radiation 18 approaching fromthe sides of operator's face. The operator 12 can wear normal correctiveoptical lenses behind face shield. Suspended personal radiationprotection face shield 22 suspends from hanger 75. Suspended personalradiation protection face shield 22 allows operator 12 to move freely inthe X, Y, and Z planes simultaneously, such that operator 12 can movenormally as if operator 12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protectionface shield 22.

Face shield support cables 88 are operable to suspend face shield 22from hanger 75, such that operator 12 does not bear the weight of faceshield 22. Face shield support cables 88 can also be ropes, wires,straps, rigid rods, or any suitable material to suspend the weight offace shield 22 and flap 24. Face shield support cables 88 can be affixedto hanger 75 in one or more places to achieve proper suspension. Faceshield support cables 88 can be adjusted, such that face shield 22 andflap 24 are fitted properly to operator 12.

Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as acrylic lead or other metals.Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 can be thicker andheavier than traditional radiation protection flaps, because operator 12does not support the weight of the suspended personal radiationprotection flap 24. Additionally, suspended personal radiationprotection flap 24 can cover more of operator's neck and thyroid area.Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 suspends from shield 22,which suspends from hanger 75. Flap 24 can be suspended from hanger 75as well as face shield 22. Suspended personal radiation protection flap24 allows operator 12 to move freely in the X, Y, and Z planessimultaneously, such that operator 12 can move normally as if operator12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protection flap 24.

In another embodiment, suspended personal radiation protection shield 22and flap 24 can be integrated, such that one piece is formed. In anotherembodiment, suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24 can be integrated, such that one piece is formed. Inanother embodiment, suspended personal radiation protection garment 20,shield 22, and flap 24 can be integrated with hanger 75, such that onepiece is formed.

FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a harnessintegrated with personal radiation protective garment 20 in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention. Garment 20 includes anintegrated harness, shoulder reinforcement 102, arm holes 104, and belt28. Harness includes reinforced stitching 107, chest strap 106, waiststrap 108, thigh strap 110, length adjusting strap 112, and lengthadjusting buckle 114.

The suspension force of suspension device 60 can be adjusted to begreater than the weight of the protective garment 20, shield 22, andflap 24, such that suspension device 60 can support a portion or all ofoperator's body weight. This provides added relief of the burden on theoperator's spine, hips, knees, and other support structures during longprocedures. A specialized harness system is incorporated into garment 20utilizing straps and pads around the chest, torso, or thighs. Theharness is integrated into the garment 20 in such a way that the supportsystem will result in reduction in weight of the not only the garment 20upon the operator 12, but the harness also can support a portion or allof the operator's weight. The suspended garment 20 becomes part of thesuspension system and reduces the weight of operator 12 to some degree.The operator 12 can freely move, such that a majority of operator's bodyweight is supported by suspension device 60. The harness system caninclude a rigid seat-like apparatus.

Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as lead or other metals. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 can be thicker and heavier thantraditional radiation protection garments, because operator 12 does notsupport the weight of the suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20. Additionally, suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20 can cover more of operator's body, such as operator's armsand legs. Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 suspendsfrom hanger 75, which suspends from suspension device 60. Suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20 can substantially contour tooperator's body while garment 20 suspends from hanger 75, such thathanger 75 supports the weight of garment 20. Suspended personalradiation protection garment 20 allows operator 12 to move freely in theX, Y, and Z planes simultaneously, such that operator 12 can movenormally as if operator 12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protectiongarment 20. Suspended personal radiation protection garment 20 allowsoperator 12 to wear sterile gloves and gown in the usual manner.

Shoulder reinforcement 102 on garment 20 provides an even distributionof force along the width of garment 20, such that garment 20 is notdistorted while suspended on shoulder plate 84. Shoulder reinforcement102 can include extra material, reinforcement stitching, or any meanssuitable to even distribution of force along the width of garment 20.

Arm holes 104 are provided for operator 12 to freely move around armsand hands. Arm holes 104 can include sleeves 32 to provide moreprotection to operator's arms.

Belt 28 on garment 20 can include Velcro, buckle, or fastening means,such that belt 20 helps garment stay closed. Belt 28 can be fastened onfront, side, or rear of garment. Belt 28 also helps suspended personalradiation protection garment 20 substantially contour to operator'sbody, such that operator's body is properly protected.

Harness chest strap 106 wraps around operator's chest to help secureoperator's body. The suspension device 60 can suspend garment 20 andharness, such that suspension device 60 supports a portion or all ofoperator's weight. The effect of suspending operator 12 allows operator12 to freely move with reduced weight, such that a majority ofoperator's body weight is supported by suspension device 60. Thisprovides added relief of the burden on the operator's spine, hips,knees, and other support structures during long procedures. Chest strap106 can include Velcro, buckle, or fastening means, such that cheststrap 106 is secure around operator's chest.

Harness waist strap 108 wraps around operator's waist to help secureoperator's body. The suspension device 60 can suspend garment 20 andharness, such that suspension device 60 supports a portion or all ofoperator's weight. The effect of suspending operator 12 allows operator12 to move about freely move with reduced weight, such that a majorityof operator's body weight is supported by suspension device 60. Thisprovides added relief of the burden on the operator's spine, hips,knees, and other support structures during long procedures. Waist strap108 can include Velcro, buckle, or fastening means, such that waiststrap 108 is secure around operator's waist.

Harness thigh strap 110 wraps around operator's thighs to help secureoperator's body. The suspension device 60 can suspend garment 20 andharness, such that suspension device supports a portion or all ofoperator's weight. The effect of suspending operator 12 allows operator12 to move about freely with reduced weight, such that a majority ofoperator's body weight is supported by suspension device 60. Thisprovides added relief of the burden on the operator's spine, hips,knees, and other support structures during long procedures. Thigh straps110 can include Velcro, buckle, or fastening means, such that thighstraps 110 are secure around operator's thigh.

Length adjusting straps 112 allow operator to customize harness tooperator's height. Length adjusting straps 112 can be secured andadjusted by length adjusting buckle 114.

Reinforced stitching 107 allows harness to be integrated with garment20. Reinforced stitching is used on garment 20, chest strap 106, waiststrap 108, and thigh straps 110. Reinforced stitching material 107 cansupport operator's weight.

In another embodiment of this invention, the harness system will not beassociated with radiation protection garment 20, and harness can be usedto support a portion or all of the operator's body weight for theperformance of medical or surgical procedures that do not requireradiation. This prevents fatigue of operator due to standing in properposition for prolonged periods.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are a simplified block diagram that illustrate a hanger75 attached to shoulder plate 84 via plate sleeve 86 in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention. Hanger 75 includes cross bar 78,drop rod 80, and nut 82.

Cross bar 78 attaches to cable via widget. Cross bar is made of materialthat can support at least a minimum weight of the suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Cross bar 78 ispositioned above operator's head to avoid collision with operator's headduring manipulations. Cross bar 78 can include grooves where widgetattaches, such that weight is properly distributed when operator 12leans forward or backward.

Drop rod 80 attaches to cross bar 78 and is held in place with a nut 82.Drop rod 80 is made of material that can support at least a minimumweight of the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24. Drop rod 80 can attach to shoulder plate 84 in variousembodiments. In one embodiment, drop rod 80 can be angled inward, suchthat drop rod 80 is inserted into shoulder plate sleeve 86 closer tooperator's neck. This particular embodiment is effective at distributingweight and supporting the suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

Shoulder plate 84 is suspended by hanger 75. Shoulder plate 84 is madeof material that can support at least a minimum weight of the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.Shoulder plate 84 can he one piece that extends over both shoulders orshoulder plate 84 can be two pieces, such that each shoulder plate 84 ispositioned over operator's shoulders. Suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20 can be placed on shoulder plate 84, such thatshoulder plate 84 supports the weight of garment 20. Shoulder plates 84can be positioned slightly above operator's shoulders, such thatshoulder plates 84 are a substitute for operator's shoulders, whilegarment 20 is still substantially contoured to operator's body.

Plate sleeve 86 can be welded on shoulder plate 84. Plate sleeve 86 isoperable for hanger 75 to be inserted, such that plate sleeve 86securely attaches shoulder plate 84 to hanger 75. Plate sleeve 86 isoperable for rotational motion of shoulder plate 84 relative to hanger75. This allows operator 12 to freely move in the forward bending orrearward bending bodily motions. Bending forward will tilt shoulderplates 84 along with the tilt of the operator's shoulders, and theswivel motion of the sleeve on hanger 75 will allow hanger 75 tomaintain a desirable vertical orientation rather than being forced intoa tilted angulation, which would apply additional undesirable forces onhanger 75 and suspension device 60, as well as place additional downwardforce on cable 72. In another embodiment, plate sleeve can be fixed.Plate sleeve 86 is made of material that can support at least a minimumweight of the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24.

FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a hanger 75 with asideways bending modification in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention. Hanger 75 suspends from pulley 76, which suspendsfrom cable 72. Shoulder plate 84 with integrated plate sleeve 86 suspendfrom hanger 75.

Cable 72 is suspended from balancer 70 and attaches to pulley 76. Inother embodiments, cable 72 may also include a rope or a belt. Cable 72is several feet long and allows operator 12 to move extensively in thevertical Z-axis. Cable 72 also allows operator to freely move slightlyoutside the perimeter of the plane formed by the X and Y axes. Cable 72can include a swivel mount that permits free rotation of the cablesuspension mechanism allowing operator 12 to twist as needed. This mayinclude a swivel hook or snap that connects the cable 72 to hanger 75.Cable 72 is operable to safely hold the amount of weight and forcecaused by the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24.

Pulley 76 is operable to roll along hanger 75, such that pulley 76 rollsalong hanger 75 when operator 12 bends sideways. Pulley 76 attaches tocable 72 and hanger 75. Pulley 76 is made of material to support weightof suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, andflap 24. For example, when operator 12 bends sideways, pulley 76 willroll along hanger 75, such that hanger 75 becomes tilted. This effectallows operator 12 to freely bend sideways, such that suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 are all properlysuspended.

Hanger 75 is operable to suspend the personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Hanger 75 can be attached to pulley76, such that pulley 76 allows hanger 75 to tilt when operator 12 bendsideways. Hanger 75 can be positioned above operator's head to avoidcollision with operator's head during manipulations. Personal radiationprotection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 can be detached to hanger75, attached to hanger 75, and remain attached to hanger 75indefinitely. For example, garment 20 can rest on hanger 75 similar to aclothes hanger, such that garment 20 is not resting on operator's body.FIG. 5 illustrates two different embodiments for the design of hanger75. Hanger 75 can also include a component operable to prevent pulley 76from moving beyond the hanger's edge.

Shoulder plate 84 is suspended by hanger 75. Shoulder plate 84 is madeof material that can support at least a minimum weight of the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.Shoulder plate 84 can be one piece that extends over both shoulders orshoulder plate can be two pieces, such that each shoulder plate 84 ispositioned over operator's shoulders. Suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20 can be placed on shoulder plate 84, such thatshoulder plate 84 supports the weight of the garment 20. Shoulder plates84 can be positioned slightly above operator's shoulders, such thatshoulder plates 84 are a substitute for operator's shoulders whilegarment 20 is still substantially contoured to operator's body.

Plate sleeve 86 can be welded on shoulder plate 84. Plate sleeve 86 isoperable for hanger 75 to be inserted, such that plate sleeve 86securely attaches shoulder plate 84 to hanger 75. Plate sleeve 86 ismade of material that can support at least a minimum weight of thesuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24.

FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a trolley 68 and abalancer 70 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.Suspension device 60 includes bridge 64, roller 65, trolley 68, safetycable 69, balancer 70, hook 71, and cable 72.

Bridge 64 can be positioned perpendicular between rails 62 over the areaof operator's workplace. Bridge 64 represents the length of the Y-axisthat operator can move freely within while wearing the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Bridge64 is affixed to rails 62 and movable along rails by an end truck 66 oneach rail 62. Bridge 64 can include a runway. Details of bridge 64interacting with other components are explained above in FIG. 1.

Roller 65 attaches to trolley 64 and is positioned in bridge runway,such that roller 65 can slide along bridge runway. Roller 65 is operableto easily slide along bridge runway, such that operator 12 can movefreely.

Trolley 68 is positioned in bridge runway. Trolley 68 is freely movablealong the Y-axis of bridge 64. The length of the Y-axis spatial movementof trolley 68 can be limited to the ends of bridge runway, such that endtrucks 66 prevent further movement. Trolley 68 can include a latch forbalancer 70 attachment and a safety cable 69. For extra safety, safetycable 69 or chain may be attached to a separate trolley, which isallowed to move adjacent to weight bearing trolley 68. Trolley 68 cansupport the weight for suspended personal radiation protection garment20, shield 22, and flap 24, such that operator 12 can move freely in theX and Y spatial planes defined above by the length of the rails 66 andthe length of the bridge 64. The plane defined by the X and Y spatialaxes is designed to correspond to operator's desired work area on thefloor. Operator 12 wearing suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 has very smooth and facile motionwithin this plane. In another embodiment of this invention, atelescoping component on bridge 64 can allow extension of trolley 68farther than the length of the bridge 64, such that the Y spatial axisis greater for operator to freely move within the X, Y plane.

Safety cable 69 can be permanently affixed to trolley 68 and balancer70. Safety cable 69 is operable to suspend the weight of balancer 70,hanger 75, garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24, such that operator 12 isprotected if balancer 70 becomes detached from trolley 68. For extrasafety, safety cable 69 or chain may be attached to a separate trolley,which is allowed to move adjacent to weight bearing trolley 68.

Balancer 70 can be a spring balancer 70 attached to trolley 68 by a hook71, and a safety chain 69 or cable for the event of hook failure. Springbalancer 70 applies constant and controllable uplifting force on garment20, shield 22, and flap 24. Spring balancer 70 can include a coiled flatspring, similar to a clock spring, attached to a reel with a conicalshape. The conical shape provides a variable mechanical advantage, whichoffsets the variance of the force provided by the spring as it winds orunwinds, such that there is a relatively constant force on cable withina definable working range. Spring balancer 70 allows operator 12 wearingsuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24 freedom of motion in the vertical Z-axis spatial plane. Operator 12wearing the heavy and bulky garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 canfreely perform vertical motion activities, such as stooping, leaning,squatting, standing on an elevated surface. The tension can be designedto provide optimum relief of garment's 20 weight for operator 12, andthis force can be constant in all positions by operator 12. Springbalancer 70 applies a constant force to oppose the weight regardless ofhow much cable is extended. Balancer 70 can also take on the differentembodiments explained above in FIG. 1.

Hook 71 is affixed to balancer 70 and is a means to suspend balancer 70from trolley 68. Hook 71 is made of material that can support a minimumweight of balancer 70, hanger 75, operator 12, garment 20, shield 22,and flap 24. If hook 71 fails, then safety cable 69 can prevent damageto operator 12.

Cable 72 is suspended from balancer 70 and attaches to hanger 75. Inother embodiments, cable 72 may also include a rope or a belt. Cable 72is several feet long and allows operator 12 to move extensively in thevertical Z-axis. Cable 72 also allows operator to freely move slightlyoutside the perimeter of the plane formed by the X and Y axes. Cable 72can include a swivel mount that permits free rotation of the cablesuspension mechanism allowing operator 12 to twist as needed. This mayinclude a swivel hook or snap that connects the cable 72 to hanger 75.Cable 72 is operable to safely hold the amount of weight and forcecaused by the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24.

FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a monorail 61track in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Amonorail 61 track can be used in place of parallel rail system describedabove in FIG. 1. Monorail 61 track includes monorail 61, switch 63,roller 65, trolley 68, balancer 70, and ceiling mounts 73.

Monorail 61 can be ceiling mounted in the orientation that best fits theparticular room and type of operation. Trolley 68 can run freely alongthe monorail 61 with balancer 70 and garment 20 suspended from trolley68. Monorail 61 can include curves, and extra tracks connected andcontrolled by switches 63. Monorail 61 has the advantage of being lessexpensive, easier to install, and potentially installable in operatingrooms that may not accommodate the parallel rail track due to itsdimensions. Operator 12 can move freely along the path of monorail 61,but operator 12 would be more limited in the motion away from themonorail 61 in a perpendicular direction. Some motion in this directionwould be allowed by the spring balancer 70, which could reel out severalfeet of cable 72 accordingly. However, balancer 70 would exert some pullforces on the operator 12, which hinder motion somewhat to operator'sbody. Monorail 61 can include a runway, such that trolley 68 can movealong monorail 61.

Switches 63 are integrated with monorail 61. Switches 63 are operable toconnect different tracks of monorail 61, such that operator 12 can moveto other areas of the room. Operator 12 can operate switches by anelectronic device or any suitable means.

Roller 65 attaches to trolley 68 and is positioned in monorail runway,such that roller 65 can slide along monorail runway. Roller 65 isoperable to easily slide along monorail runway, such that operator 12can move freely.

Trolley 68 is positioned in monorail runway. Trolley 68 is freelymovable along monorail 61. Trolley 68 can support the weight forsuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24. Operator 12 wearing suspended personal radiation protection garment20, shield 22, and flap 24 has very smooth and facile motion alongmonorail 61 path. In another embodiment of this invention, a telescopingcomponent on monorail 61 can allow extension of trolley 68 farther outthan monorail 61 path.

Balancer 70 can be a spring balancer 70 attached to trolley by a hook,and a safety chain or cable for the event of hook failure. Springbalancer 70 applies constant and controllable uplifting force on garment20, shield 22, and flap 24. Spring balancer 70 can include a coiled flatspring, similar to a clock spring, attached to a reel with a conicalshape. The conical shape provides a variable mechanical advantage, whichoffsets the variance of the force provided by the spring as it winds orunwinds, such that there is a relatively constant force on cable withina definable working range. Spring balancer 70 allows operator 12 wearingsuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24 freedom of motion in the vertical Z-axis spatial plane. Operator 12wearing the heavy and bulky garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 canfreely perform vertical motion activities, such as stooping, leaning,squatting, standing on an elevated surface. The tension can be designedto provide optimum relief of garment's weight for operator 12, and thisforce can be constant in all positions by operator 12. Spring balancer70 applies a constant force to oppose the weight regardless of how muchcable 72 is extended. Balancer can also take on the differentembodiments explained above in FIG. 1.

Ceiling mounts 73 are affixed to ceiling and attached to monorail 61.Ceiling mounts 73 are operable to securely fasten monorail 61, such thatceiling mounts 73 can support a minimum weight of monorail track 61,trolley 68, balancer 70, hanger 75, operator 12, garment 20, shield 22,and flap 24.

FIG. 8 is a simplified flowchart that illustrates an example method ofthe suspended personal radiation protection system in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention. The flowchart begins at step 800,where operator 12 steps into suspended personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Operator 12 can adjust suspensiondevice's 60 height, such that shoulder plates 20 are suspended slightlyabove operator's shoulders. Operator 12 can adjust the length of garment20 by fastening means, such that garment 20 covers substantially all ofoperator's legs. Suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 areweightless to operator 12.

At step 802, operator 12 or another individual can strap garment 20closed by fastening means 26, such that garment 20, shield 22, and flap24 are substantially contoured to operator's body. Operator 12 canfasten belt 28 around garment 20, such that garment 20 is secured evenfurther. Operator 12 can also wear sterile gown and gloves. This processis very fast and effortless.

At step 804, operator 12 can move freely in all three spatial planeswhile wearing suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24. Operator 12 can walk diagonally, crouch, or bendsideways in a free motion while receiving protection of suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

At step 806, operator 12 has complete freedom of motion to use radiationdevice to properly treat patient 14. Suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 are substantiallyweightless to operator 12, such that operator 12 is comfortable andunhindered. Operator's arms are able to freely move in order to properlytreat patient 14. Operator 12 can bend over patient 14 without causingpain to operator's spine.

At step 808, suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 properlyprotect operator 12 from harmful radiation 18. Since garment 20 issuspended, garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 can be heavier to providemore protection to operator 12. Suspended garment 20, shield 22, andflap 24 are substantially contoured to operator's body, such that asubstantial area of operator's body is protected. Suspended garment 20can also be made of thicker material to provide extra protection tooperator 12. Sleeve 32 on garment 20 can provide further protection toarms and armpit area.

At step 810, operator 12 can move freely to return to spot whereoperator 12 initially stepped into suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Operator 12 can movefreely in all three spatial planes while wearing suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Operator 12 canwalk diagonally, crouch, or bend sideways in a free motion whilereceiving protection of suspended personal radiation protection garment20, shield 22, and flap 24.

At step 812, operator 12 or another individual can quickly andeffortlessly unfasten garment 20 and belt 28. Operator 12 can easilystep out from the suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. garment20, shield 22, and flap 24 can remain suspended.

It is important to note that the stages and steps described aboveillustrate only some of the possible scenarios that may be executed by,or within, the present system. Some of these stages and/or steps may bedeleted or removed where appropriate, or these stages and/or steps maybe modified, enhanced, or changed considerably without departing fromthe scope of the present invention. In addition, a number of theseoperations have been described as being executed concurrently with, orin parallel to, one or more additional operations. However, the timingof these operations may be altered. The preceding example flows havebeen offered for purposes of teaching and discussion. Substantialflexibility is provided by the tendered system in that any suitablearrangements, chronologies, configurations, and timing mechanisms may beprovided without departing from the broad scope of the presentinvention. Accordingly, any appropriate structure, component, or devicemay be included within suspended personal radiation protection system 10to effectuate the tasks and operations of the elements and activitiesassociated with executing compatibility functions.

FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram that illustrates a face shield andflap suspending from hanger in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention. Hanger includes widget 76, cross bar 78, drop rod 80,nut 82, shoulder plate 84, plate sleeve 86, and shield support cables88.

Hanger 75 is operable to suspend the personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Hanger 75 is attached to cable 72.Hanger 75 is positioned above operator's head to avoid collision withoperator's head during manipulations. Personal radiation protectiongarment 20, shield 22, and flap 24 can be detached to hanger 75,attached to hanger 75, and remain attached to hanger 75 indefinitely.For example, garment 20 can rest on the hanger similar to a clotheshanger, such that garment 20 is not resting on operator's body. Shield22 and flap 24 can be suspended from hanger 75 by ropes, wires, cablesor any other suitable means.

Widget 76 connects hanger to cable. Widget 76 can be a hook, a pulley,or any suitable means to attach hanger 75 to cable 72. Widget 76 is madeof material that can support a minimum weight of the suspended personalradiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Pulley widget76 allows operator 12 to bend sideways, such that pulley widget 76 movesalong hanger 75 to properly distribute weight. Details relating topulley widget 76 are explained below in FIG. 5.

Cross bar 78 attaches to cable 72 via widget 76. Cross bar 78 is made ofmaterial that can support at least a minimum weight of the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24. Crossbar 78 is positioned above operator's head to avoid collision withoperator's head during manipulations. Cross bar 78 can include grooveswhere widget 76 attaches, such that weight is properly distributed whenoperator 12 leans forward or backward.

Drop rod 80 attaches to cross bar 78 and is held in place with a nut 82.Drop rod 80 is made of material that can support at least a minimumweight of the suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24. Drop rod 80 can attach to shoulder plate 84 in variousembodiments. In one embodiment, drop rod 80 can be angled inward, suchthat drop rod 80 is inserted into shoulder plate sleeve 84 closer tooperator's neck. This particular embodiment is effective at distributingweight and supporting the suspended garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.

Shoulder plate 84 is suspended by hanger 75. Shoulder plate 84 is madeof material that can support at least a minimum weight of the suspendedpersonal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap 24.Shoulder plate 84 can be one piece that extends over both shoulders orshoulder plate 84 can be two pieces, such that each shoulder plate 84 ispositioned over operator's shoulders. Suspended personal radiationprotection garment 20 can be placed on shoulder plate 84, such thatshoulder plate 84 supports the weight of garment 20. Shoulder plates 84can be positioned slightly above operator's shoulders, such thatshoulder plates 84 act as a substitute for operator's shoulders whilethe garment 20 is still substantially contoured to operator's body.

Plate sleeve 86 can be welded or affixed to shoulder plate 84. Platesleeve 86 is operable for hanger to be inserted, such that plate sleeve86 securely attaches shoulder plate 84 to hanger 75. Plate sleeve 86 ismade of material that can support at least a minimum weight of thesuspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield 22, and flap24. Plate sleeve 86 is operable for rotational motion of shoulder plate84 relative to hanger 75. This allows operator 12 to freely move in theforward bending or rearward bending bodily motions. Bending forward willtilt shoulder plates 84 along with the tilt of the operator's shoulders,and the swivel motion of the sleeve on hanger 75 will allow hanger 75 tomaintain a desirable vertical orientation rather than being forced intoa tilted angulation, which would apply additional undesirable forces onhanger 75 and suspension device 60, as well as place additional downwardforce on cable 72.

Suspended personal radiation protection face shield 22 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such that face shield 22 attenuatesX-rays, but is transparent to visible light allowing operator unhinderedvision. Suspended personal radiation protection face shield 22 can beheavier and curve or bend around to cover more of operator's face thantraditional radiation protection face shields 22, because operator 12does not support the weight of the suspended personal radiationprotection face shield 22. The suspended personal radiation protectionface shield 22 protects operator 12 from radiation 18 approaching fromthe sides of operator's face. The operator 12 can wear normal correctiveoptical lenses behind face shield. Suspended personal radiationprotection face shield 22 suspends from hanger 75. Suspended personalradiation protection face shield 22 allows operator 12 to move freely inthe X, Y, and Z planes simultaneously, such that operator 12 can movenormally as if operator 12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protectionface shield 22.

Face shield support cables 88 are operable to suspend face shield 22from hanger 75, such that operator 12 does not bear the weight of faceshield 22. Face shield support cables 88 can also be ropes, wires,straps, rigid rods, or any suitable material to suspend the weight offace shield 22 and flap 24. Face shield support cables 88 can be affixedto hanger 75 in one or more places to achieve proper suspension. Faceshield support cables 88 can be adjusted, such that face shield 22 andflap 24 are fitted properly to operator 12.

Floor plate 23 can be integrated with shield 24, such that floor plate23 may contain radiation-absorbing materials, such as acrylic lead orother metals. Floor plate 23 can be a thicker material than flap, suchthat floor plate 23 protects operator from harmful radiation.

Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 may containradiation-absorbing materials, such as acrylic lead or other metals.Flap can be a softer fabric containing radiation-absorbing materials.Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 can be thicker andheavier than traditional radiation protection flaps, because operator 12does not support the weight of the suspended personal radiationprotection flap 24. Additionally, suspended personal radiationprotection flap 24 can cover more of operator's neck and thyroid area.Suspended personal radiation protection flap 24 suspends from shield 22,which suspends from hanger 75. Flap 24 can be suspended from hanger 75as well as face shield 22. Suspended personal radiation protection flap24 allows operator 12 to move freely in the X, Y, and Z planessimultaneously, such that operator 12 can move normally as if operator12 is not wearing a heavy radiation protection flap 24.

In another embodiment, suspended personal radiation protection shield 22and flap 24 can be integrated, such that one piece is formed. In anotherembodiment, suspended personal radiation protection garment 20, shield22, and flap 24 can be integrated, such that one piece is formed. Inanother embodiment, suspended personal radiation protection garment 20,shield 22, and flap 24 can be integrated with hanger 75, such that onepiece is formed.

Although the present invention has been described in detail withreference to particular embodiments, it should be understood thatvarious other changes, substitutions, and alterations may be made heretowithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.The illustrated suspension device 60 in FIG. 1 has only been offered forpurposes of example and teaching. Suitable alternatives andsubstitutions are envisioned and contemplated by the present invention:such alternatives and substitutions being clearly within the broad scopeof suspension device 60. Using analogous reasoning, the hanger 75illustrated by FIG. 1 may be supplanted by a single piece hanger, wires,or any other suitable devices that are conducive to properly supportingthe weight of the operator 12, garment 20, face shield 22, and flap 24.In addition, while the foregoing discussion has focused on medicalprocedures, any other suitable environment requiring radiationprotection may benefit from the compatibility teachings provided herein.Although the present invention has been described with severalembodiments, a myriad of changes, variations, alterations,transformations, and modifications may be suggested to one skilled inthe art, and it is intended that the present invention encompass suchchanges, variations, alterations, transformations, and modifications asfall within the scope of the appended claims.

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 28. A method, comprising:Providing a garment that substantially contours to and stays in relativecontact with an operator's body via fastening means, but not theoperator's head, to protect a portion of the operator's body fromradiation, and wherein the garment is suspended from a suspensioncomponent, wherein the suspension component includes a bridge configuredto ride along one or more rails, and the suspension component includes atrolley that rides along the bridge, and wherein the bridge is capableof providing a purely lateral axis of motion and the trolley is capableof providing a purely linear axis of motion, the garment beingconfigured to secure a face shield thereon, the face shield protectingat least a portion of the operator's head from radiation.
 29. The methodof claim 28 wherein the fastening means comprises a buckle fastener. 30.The method of claim 28 wherein the fastening means comprises a snapfastener.
 31. The method of claim 28 wherein the fastening meanscomprises a hook and loop fastener.
 32. The method of claim 28 whereinthe fastening means comprises a button fastener.
 33. A system,comprising: Providing a garment that substantially contours to and staysin relative contact with an operator's body via fastening means, but notthe operator's head, to protect a portion of the operator's body fromradiation, and wherein the garment is suspended from a suspensioncomponent, wherein the suspension component includes a bridge configuredto ride along one or more rails, and the suspension component includes atrolley that rides along the bridge, and wherein the bridge is capableof providing a purely lateral axis of motion and the trolley is capableof providing a purely linear axis of motion, the garment beingconfigured to secure a face shield thereon, the face shield protectingat least a portion of the operator's head from radiation.
 34. The methodof claim 33 wherein the fastening means comprises a buckle fastener. 35.The method of claim 33 wherein the fastening means comprises a snapfastener.
 36. The method of claim 33 wherein the fastening meanscomprises a hook and loop fastener.
 37. The method of claim 33 whereinthe fastening means comprises a button fastener.